Pioneer
Nozomu Matsumoto developed the A-8 dynamic loudspeaker in 1937 and in January 1938 opened a radio and speaker repair business in Tokyo that became Pioneer. Loudspeakers remained central for years; the PE-8 hi-fi speaker appeared in 1953.
From 1970 Pioneer released a long line of SX-series receivers, starting with the SX-1500TD and SX-2500 and running through the SX-1980 of 1978. Those silver-faced receivers, with their blue-lit dials, are among the most recognisable Japanese hi-fi of the decade. Pioneer also owned Phase Linear for a time before its sale to Jensen in 1982. In 2014 it agreed to sell its home audio and video business to Onkyo.
The original magazine kept profile pages for Pioneer and other Japanese makers alongside its American tube classics.
Pioneer is largely a creation of the Matsumoto family. Nozomu Matsumoto was born in Kobe in 1906, the son of a Christian missionary. He inherited his parents’ religious faith, which may have played a role in his early desire to bring “technological innovation based on deep emotions” to the Japanese people. Specifically, when Matsumoto heard a new, Western-built phonograph speaker in 1932, he was so struck by its superior tone that he immediately resolved to make such products available in Japan.
In 1936 Matsumoto founded a tiny company called Fukuin Shokai Denki Seisakusho, or Gospel Electric Works. From a workshop in Osaka, Matsumoto and a colleague struggled to devise a “dynamic” speaker like the Philco model Matsumoto had listened to, and after a year of experimentation the A-8 was brought to market in 1937. In recognition of its groundbreaking role Matsumoto christened the speaker Pioneer, and graced it with the corporate logo that was used for decades: the Greek letter omega–symbol of electrical resistance–and a tuning fork.
This was a profitable business but not likely to build the kind of mass brand-name recognition that would make the company a true audio giant. Achieving such recognition would require the production and effective marketing of complete stereo sets, and in the early 1960s Matsumoto and his sons set out to achieve that goal.
The company first changed its name, from Fukuin (Gospel) Electric to the nondenominational Pioneer. It next brought out, in 1962, the first stereo system with detachable speakers, a variation on the usual one-piece console design. This experiment, known as the PSC-5A, was extremely successful and became the stereo industry’s standard format. Pioneer also committed itself to the production of full stereo component sets, hoping to share in the blossoming overseas trade with a full range of audio products.